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Introduction is History
To few kilometers from her “City of the gold “Arezzo, along the
ancient road Roman Cassia Vetus, rises on the slant of a typical
dessert Tuscan hill a small country of medieval origin:
Castiglion Fibocchi.
It is necessary to return to the century XII to find the first
traces that testify in certain manner the existence of the
community of Castiglion Fibocchi. The Repetti in his/her
Dictionary Geographical Historical Physicist of Tuscany, in the
first volume, to the voice Castiglion Fibocchi so it recites:
" Castle de filiis Bocchi in the Val of Arno aretino... This
Castiglione actually from the XII you/he/she had surrendered in
feud from the accounts you Drive to the Crazy magnates of the
superior Valdarno; stante that the emperors Arrigo Vi in 1191
and Federigo II in 1220, Castigliones of the Val of Arno confirm
to the children of Ottaviano Pazzi, perhaps of that nicknamed
Bocco, for which had distinguished from the other Castigliones,
de' saying each other Gives birth of Bocco, and then for
contraction de' Fibocchi. A placito Cristiano arcicancelliere of
the empire and vicar of Federigo I in Italy, in favor of the
hermits of Camaldoli, you/he/she was dated May 2 nd 1174 there
in Castellione de filiis Bochi. Few news he/she offers this
hamlet to us, over those common to many other castelluccis that
in this region the Crazy persons and the Ubertinis of Arezzo
possessed...";
- Today -
The commune of Castiglion Fibocchi rises on the last layers of
the Pratomagno that look toward Arezzo. In the point of meeting
between the valley of the Casentino and the superior valdarno,
the population of Castiglion Fibocchi has developed uses,
characters, culture unusual entirely. The territory has been
modified by the fatiguing work of the man, busy to exploit every
angle of ground is cultivated to cereals, grapevines, oil you
that occupied from the wood.
- Characteristics Of the
Territory -
The commune has a surface of around 27 kmqs, busy for almost the
three quarters from zone boscata and for the agricultural ground
rest, centers civil, industrial and handicraft inhabited area.
The road of the Seven Bridges, that ransom in two the Commune,
acts from line of border between the level territory, to the
left for the one who it comes to the right from Arezzo and the
hilly territory, that it is wedged of the Pratomagno in the
thick one with his/her oak woods, chestnut tree and thin fir to
a maximum height of around 800 mt. in proximity of the «Knoll»
Source Archese. The other road of primary importance, that
crosses the common perpendicolarmente to the Seven Bridges, is
the connection of the chief town with the fraction of Gello
Biscardo. This begins in the inhabited area of the chief town
near the cemetery (already sepolcreto of Pezzano - year 1232 -),
it crosses the residential zone of 5. Agatha, touches the Parish
of 5. Quirico (Sec. XII) and Gello Biscardo reaches. The most
famous knoll of Castiglion Fibocchi is that of the Baselica, mt.
777, probable center of a Roman vicus with a chiesetta
(Basilica) that it dominated her plain one of Arezzo and part of
the Valdarno Superiore and it checked the ancient roads of
connection between the Valdarno and the Casentino (currently in
the greatest part disappearances). To valley of the Seven
Bridges, in more favorable position, the agricultural zone is
exploited mainly with grain crops (wheat, bowline, oat, etc.),
that are adapted better to the quality of the ground and they
withstand drought (the irrigazione is very limited for the
poverty of water in the ditches and streams of the zone).
together with the cereals, in promiscuous or specialized crop,
grapevines are accompanied and oil you that they extend their
presence until in the tallest hilly zone of the commune, making
extremely fatiguing the man's job. The town Territory is
ploughed by the «Ditches» of 5. Pietro, Romitorio and of the
Country house, this last tributary of the stream Bregine, more
important for length, course and position. The Bregine is born
in the you press some Knoll of the Baselica and Lucignanello, it
crosses the dark valley dictated of the Infernaccio, it licks up
the chief town and once it moved with his/her waters the shovels
of some molinis that rose nearby. All the courses of water flow
from North-east toward Southwest, following the natural course
of the ground, goes out then of the commune to flow in Arno a
little afterwards. Of torrential character introduces a discreet
course in the winter period, while in the summer period they are
found in low water nearly. Giving some signs of geologic
character, can say that the tettonica of the town territory has
been determined by the wrinkling of the chain appenninica as
result of a compression from Southwest to North-east, with folds
of limited extension and a glide of the complex of the
Appennino. it Dominates the presence of the boulder of component
sandstone, covered in the holds valleys and in the level zone
from deposits, clay, sand and pebbles arenari, fruit of river
and lake deposits. They don't exist in the territory town
remarkable due dangers to the morfologia of the ground, what
landslides, landslides, etc., neither of floods, in how much the
principal raced of water are well inserted in the plan of
country and they have enough sections to guarantee courses of
flood. Of particular importance for the commune it is the valley
dictates «Plain of the Casina», immediately to North of the
chief town. Such zone is a course of selection along the course
of the stream Bregine with a rocky substratum that furnishes,
besides the varied sources, the greatest part of the requirement
of drinkable water of the population of Castiglion Fibocchi.
- The inhabited area -
The inhabited center of big long more main point is the chief
town. Sets in a small hill that it dominates the provincial
Seven Bridges it has an adjective of around the Kmqs. for 1.750
inhabitants. The inhabited area is developed through the nucleus
of the historical center (Sec. XII) covering the sides of the
hills and reaching the surrounding zone landing, where, to east,
the recent residences rise type popular and, to South, the
industrial and handicraft zone, along the Provincial Old Arerina
that connects Castiglion Fibocchi to Laterina. To North, in the
hill of 5. Agatha there is the residential zone, absorbed in the
wood of oaks, pines and firs, that do an oasis of coolness and
calm of it. Next to the chief town and along the Seven Bridges,
some of the most beautiful and interesting houses farmer's
Tuscans of plant 1800 notice each other. The country and the
farmer's houses are framed by the cypress, sentry officer and
immovable property of the Tuscan landscape, with the primary
function of ornament, as well as limit of the border of the
ownership. More to North, in the hilly zone, the only fraction
of Castiglion Fibocchi is found: Gello Biscardo, small medieval
nucleus, lived today by few about ten souls.
- Buildings it is Notable
Monuments -
The Boundaries CASTELLANE
The boundaries that surrounded the inhabited area of Castiglion
Fibocchi rise after 1400, in how much, first, the country was
only a tower of sighting between the Valdarno and the Casentino
and as such it didn't have need of one surrounded building that
defended the inhabited area. After 1400, having been demolished
the tower of watch, the castle had reduced neì to villa and solo
1441, as resolved then by the registration in the stone above
the troniera of Cold Door, you/they were built some real
boundaries that delimited the city inhabited area.
These boundaries, over that to have a defensive importance,
delimited the few inside residences.
The boundaries were long 385 meters with 7 Towers displaced
along the slope; the height of the boundaries was of 14 meters,
as it is been able he/she anchors to see from some existing
constructions (you see house you Erase, house lacopi, house Of
the, etc.), with a thickness of 1 meter and that of the towers
of 20 meters, the one and the other surmounted by blackbirds of
style Guelfo, as ancoroggi can be noticed from the only remained
tower Cold Tower.
In the boundaries two accesses existed only, one to west, motto
Brought Cold, and one to midday, motto Brought of the Sun in
origin, and, around at 1700 o'clock, Door Canonicale, to motive
for the residence of the priest now placed where the Town
building he/she insists with the tower of the clock.
Of the ancient boundaries today trace doesn't remain, in how
much all demolish has been or to englobe in the civil residence,
as house Erases, lacopi, Of the, etc. Just in the house you
Erase you/he/she can be noticed better the structure of the
boundaries having remained as in origin.
Porta Fredda
It is the only door been intact in his/her original form and it
is opened in the western slope of the surrounded building. Is
dealt with an arc to all sixth, to the right of which a window
corniciata is opened, as well as a loophole to protection for
gunboat.
Above the loophole a stone can be noticed in which, despite the
usury of the time, the date 1441 graven ivis can be
distinguished. And 1441 is surely the year when was porenziara
the entourage of the boundaries castellane.
You/they can be noticed varied remaking and restaurations
effected in different epoches finally.
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